Related Experiment Videos
Anticancer drug renal toxicity and elimination: dosing guidelines for altered renal function
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson 85724.
Cancer Treatment Reviews
|January 1, 1995
Summary
This review details anticancer drug nephrotoxicity and renal clearance, offering dosing adjustment guidelines for patients with impaired kidney function. It aids clinicians in safely managing chemotherapy in renal dysfunction.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Nephrology
- Oncology
Background:
- Anticancer drugs pose risks for patients with kidney dysfunction due to narrow therapeutic indices.
- Managing chemotherapy in patients with impaired renal function requires careful consideration of drug toxicity and clearance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the nephrotoxicity of specific anticancer agents.
- To evaluate the renal clearance fraction for relevant anticancer drugs.
- To provide dosing recommendations for anticancer drugs in patients with renal impairment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and clinical toxicity data.
- Analysis of anticancer drugs based on nephrotoxicity and renal clearance (>30% or <30%).
- Application of pharmacokinetic principles for dosage adjustment formulas.
Main Results:
- Twelve of 48 reviewed anticancer drugs are associated with nephrotoxicity.
- Seventeen drugs exhibit renal clearance >= 30% of the administered dose.
- Thirty-one drugs have renal clearance < 30% of the administered dose.
Conclusions:
- General guidelines are presented for adjusting doses of renally excreted or nephrotoxic anticancer drugs.
- Dosing adjustments are crucial for optimizing safety and efficacy in patients with altered renal function.
- The review provides a framework for evidence-based chemotherapy dosing in renal impairment.