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Tuberculosis of the spine: imaging features

D J Shanley1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96859.

AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
|March 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Spinal tuberculosis is rising due to increased risk factors. Early diagnosis is crucial for preventing severe spinal damage and neurologic complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Spinal tuberculosis is the most common skeletal TB manifestation, with increasing prevalence.
  • Risk factors include HIV/AIDS, homelessness, and immigration.
  • Diagnosis is often delayed due to the infection's indolent nature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To illustrate the diverse imaging findings of spinal tuberculosis.
  • To highlight the spectrum of radiographic manifestations.
  • To demonstrate the utility of MR imaging in assessing disease extent.

Main Methods:

  • Review of imaging findings from plain radiographs, bone scans, CT scans, myelograms, and MR images.
  • Illustrative case examples of spinal tuberculosis.

Main Results:

  • Radiographic findings include abscess formation, vertebral destruction, and epidural extension.
  • Delayed diagnosis leads to advanced disease at presentation.
  • MR imaging is valuable for determining the extent of spinal tuberculosis.

Conclusions:

  • Spinal tuberculosis presents with varied imaging findings, often advanced at diagnosis.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent spinal deformity and neurologic damage.
  • Comprehensive imaging, particularly MR, aids in evaluating disease extent.

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