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Managing constipation using a research-based protocol

G R Hall, M Karstens, B Rakel

    Medsurg Nursing : Official Journal of the Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses
    |February 1, 1995
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A new protocol significantly reduced constipation in hospitalized vascular surgery patients. The intervention, using fiber, fluids, and hygiene, lowered constipation incidence from 59% to 9% and eliminated impaction.

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Healthcare Quality Improvement

    Background:

    • Constipation is a prevalent issue among elderly and hospitalized individuals, leading to discomfort and increased healthcare costs.
    • It can exacerbate functional loss and prolong hospital stays, impacting patient outcomes and resource utilization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To implement and evaluate a research-based, interdisciplinary protocol to prevent constipation in immobile vascular surgery patients.
    • To reduce the incidence of constipation and associated complications within this specific patient population.

    Main Methods:

    • A 3-year quality improvement initiative focused on hospitalized immobile vascular surgery patients.
    • The protocol integrated dietary fiber, increased fluid intake, and hygiene measures.

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  • Data on constipation incidence, impaction, and laxative/enema use were collected and analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Constipation incidence decreased dramatically from 59% to approximately 9% over the study period.
    • The incidence of constipation impaction was completely eliminated.
    • Requests for laxatives and enemas saw a significant reduction, falling from 59% to about 8%.

    Conclusions:

    • The interdisciplinary protocol effectively prevented constipation in hospitalized immobile vascular surgery patients.
    • Implementing a multimodal approach including fiber, fluids, and hygiene is crucial for managing and preventing constipation in acute care settings.
    • This initiative demonstrates a successful strategy for improving patient outcomes and reducing the need for interventions like laxatives and enemas.