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[Transient changes in thyroid function in the neonatal period]

G Bona1, M R Gallina, M Zaffaroni

  • 1Clinica Pediatrica di Novara, Università degli Studi di Torino.

Annali Dell'Istituto Superiore Di Sanita
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
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Transient neonatal hypothyroidism (TH) involves temporary thyroid dysfunction in newborns, often resolving without treatment. This overview examines recent findings and treatment indications for TH, crucial for infant neurodevelopment.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Screening

Context:

  • Transient neonatal hypothyroidism (TH) is a common condition identified through newborn screening.
  • It presents with abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) levels.
  • TH can occur with or without clinical signs of hypothyroidism.

Purpose:

  • To provide an overview of recent advancements in understanding transient neonatal hypothyroidism.
  • To discuss the diagnostic criteria and evolving incidence of TH, particularly in Italy.
  • To review current, often debated, treatment guidelines for various forms of TH.

Summary:

  • TH is biochemically defined by altered TSH and T4 levels, potentially resolving spontaneously.
  • Screening programs also identify partial thyroid function changes in neonates.

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  • Thyroid hormone's critical role in perinatal brain development underscores the importance of managing TH.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the high incidence of TH in Italy, necessitating informed management strategies.
    • Emphasizes the need for clear treatment indications due to the impact on neurodevelopment.
    • Contributes to the ongoing discussion on optimal care for neonatal thyroid dysfunction.