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Diet and disease

S L Mera1

  • 1Faculty of Health and Social Care, Leeds Metropolitan University, England, UK.

British Journal of Biomedical Science
|September 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Dietary choices significantly impact public health, influencing major diseases like heart disease, stroke, cancer, and osteoporosis. Nutritional adjustments offer potential for disease prevention and symptom management.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Public Health
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Major Western diseases like heart disease, stroke, cancer, and osteoporosis are leading causes of disability and death.
  • These conditions are multifactorial, but dietary interventions show potential for prevention.
  • Dietary factors influence cardiovascular health, cancer risk, bone density, and inflammatory conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the influence of dietary factors on major public health issues.
  • To explore the role of nutrition in preventing and managing chronic diseases.
  • To highlight specific dietary components relevant to cardiovascular health, cancer, osteoporosis, and inflammatory diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on diet and disease.
  • Analysis of the impact of specific nutrients (fats, fiber, vitamins, minerals, calcium, fish oils) on health outcomes.
  • Examination of dietary influences on blood lipids, oxidation, thrombosis, cancer development, bone metabolism, and inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Dietary fats, fiber, antioxidants, and minerals are scrutinized for cancer prevention.
  • Calcium availability is crucial for bone mass acquisition and preventing bone loss in osteoporosis.
  • Fish oils can influence thrombosis and modify inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, though effects are mild.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary manipulation offers potential for preventing major public health problems.
  • Specific nutrients play key roles in managing cardiovascular disease risk, cancer, osteoporosis, and inflammatory symptoms.
  • Further research into dietary interventions can contribute to public health strategies and disease management.

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