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Related Experiment Videos

Maternal perinatal HIV I transmission

A O Sule-Odu1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Ogun State University, Sagamu, Nigeria.

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

A mother transmitted Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) to her infant in-utero. This case highlights the importance of HIV screening in infants, as vertical transmission poses significant risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Vertical transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the cause of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), leads to high infant and child morbidity and mortality.
  • Understanding transmission routes is crucial for early diagnosis and intervention in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of in-utero HIV transmission from mother to fetus.
  • To emphasize the need for comprehensive HIV screening in infants born to infected mothers.

Main Methods:

  • Case report detailing a preterm emergency Cesarean delivery.
  • Intraoperative and postoperative blood transfusions in the mother.
  • Clinical presentation of the infant suggestive of AIDS, prompting diagnostic testing.

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  • Serological testing (ELISA, Western blot) for HIV I and II in the infant and parents.

    • Main Results:

    • The mother tested positive for HIV I and II.
    • The infant tested positive for HIV I.
    • The father tested negative for HIV.
    • This represents the first recorded infant HIV infection at the institution since 1986.

    Conclusions:

    • In-utero transmission of HIV occurred in this case, despite maternal blood transfusions.
    • The findings suggest that infant HIV screening may be underreported and potentially higher than recorded.
    • Early detection and management are critical for improving outcomes in vertically HIV-infected infants.