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Related Experiment Videos

Recurrence of Rift Valley fever in Egypt

R R Arthur1, M S el-Sharkawy, S E Cope

  • 1US Naval Medical Research Unit No 3, Calro, Egypt.

Lancet (London, England)
|November 6, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Rift Valley fever (RVF) has returned to Egypt after a 12-year hiatus, causing human ocular disease and livestock abortions. Serological tests confirmed RVF virus (RVFV) in humans and its isolation from a buffalo fetus.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Epidemiology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Rift Valley fever (RVF) re-emerged in Egypt in 1993 after a 12-year absence.
  • Human and domestic animal infections were reported, primarily in the Aswan Governorate.
  • Ocular disease was the initial manifestation noted in human cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the re-emergence of Rift Valley fever (RVF) in Egypt.
  • To investigate human and animal infections associated with the outbreak.
  • To confirm the presence of the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV).

Main Methods:

  • Serological testing for RVF virus-specific IgM antibodies in human cases.
  • Clinical observations of abortions in cattle and buffalo.
  • Isolation of RVFV from an aborted water buffalo fetus.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Serological testing of domestic livestock for RVFV antibodies.

    • Main Results:

    • Of 41 human cases, 27 (77%) showed RVF virus-specific IgM antibodies.
    • An estimated 600-1500 human infections occurred in the region.
    • Concurrent abortions were observed in cattle and buffalo.
    • RVFV antibodies were found in 39% of presumably unvaccinated domestic livestock.
    • RVFV was successfully isolated from an aborted water buffalo fetus.

    Conclusions:

    • The study confirmed the re-emergence of Rift Valley fever (RVF) in Egypt.
    • RVFV posed a significant threat to both human and animal health.
    • The findings underscore the importance of surveillance and control measures for RVF.