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Perinatal outcome in pregnancies complicated by pulmonary tuberculosis

N Jana1, K Vasishta, S K Jindal

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Active pulmonary tuberculosis in pregnancy significantly increases risks for adverse perinatal outcomes, including low birthweight, prematurity, and perinatal deaths. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for better maternal and infant health.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Active pulmonary tuberculosis during pregnancy poses significant risks to perinatal outcomes.
  • Understanding these risks is crucial for effective management and improved maternal-fetal health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the perinatal outcomes in pregnancies affected by active pulmonary tuberculosis.
  • To compare these outcomes with a control group of healthy pregnancies.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 79 pregnant women with pulmonary tuberculosis and 316 healthy pregnant women.
  • Matching was done for age, parity, and socioeconomic status.

Main Results:

  • Infants born to mothers with tuberculosis had significantly lower birthweights (215g less).

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  • Increased rates of prematurity (22.8%), small for gestational age (20.2%), low birthweight (34.2%), and perinatal deaths (10.1%) were observed in the tuberculosis group.
  • Adverse outcomes were more severe with late diagnosis, irregular treatment, and advanced disease.

    • Conclusions:

    • Maternal tuberculosis represents a high-risk condition for perinatal complications.
    • Emphasizes the critical need for early tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment, ideally before pregnancy.
    • Highlights the importance of regular medical supervision and comprehensive perinatal care for pregnant individuals with tuberculosis.