Improved cardiac anthropomorphic phantom

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Medical Imaging
• Cardiovascular Technology

Background:

• Echocardiography quality assurance and training require realistic anatomical models.
• Existing cardiac phantoms may lack advanced simulation capabilities for myocardium and valves.
• Low-cost, effective training tools are crucial for improving echocardiographic skills.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and describe an improved cardiac sonographic phantom.
• To provide a low-cost tool for quality assurance and training in echocardiography.
• To simulate human heart anatomy and function, including valvular prosthetics.

Main Methods:

• Development of a polyurethane sponge left ventricle mimicking myocardial tissue.
• Integration of prosthetic mechanical mitral and aortic valves.
• Housing the model in a transparent Lexan chamber or a polyurethane rubber torso.
• Inclusion of a port for transesophageal imaging and an adjustable stroke volume pump.

Main Results:

• The phantom effectively simulates cardiac anatomy and hydraulic pumping.
• Excellent image quality was achieved in standard echocardiographic views and transesophageal scanning.
• The adjustable stroke volume pump provides a standard for stroke volume measurement.

Conclusions:

• The improved cardiac phantom serves as a valuable, low-cost tool for echocardiography training and quality assurance.
• Its advanced simulation features, including the myocardial mimic and valvular prosthetics, enhance realism.
• The phantom demonstrates excellent sonographic imaging capabilities across multiple views.