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An artificial anterior chamber

D E Ward, A B Nesburn

    American Journal of Ophthalmology
    |November 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a novel method for preparing donor corneas for penetrating keratoplasty. An artificial anterior chamber device protects endothelial cells during trephination, enabling precise corneal button creation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Surgical Techniques
    • Tissue Engineering

    Background:

    • Standard corneal excision for penetrating keratoplasty often involves posterior punching.
    • Excised corneas require careful handling to preserve endothelial viability during storage and preparation.
    • Protecting the corneal endothelium is critical for successful transplantation outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe a new method for trephining donor corneas from the anterior surface.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of an artificial anterior chamber in protecting corneal endothelium during preparation.
    • To facilitate the creation of high-quality corneal buttons for transplantation.

    Main Methods:

    • Donor corneas were mounted on an instrument creating a seal around the scleral rim.

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  • An artificial anterior chamber supported the endothelium with a liquid storage medium.
  • Trephination was performed from the anterior surface to a desired depth, preserving Descemet's membrane and endothelium.
  • Sutures could be preplaced before complete separation of the corneal button.

    • Main Results:

    • The artificial anterior chamber effectively protected endothelial cells from damage.
    • The technique allowed precise trephination and facilitated the cutting of corneal buttons.
    • Iris prolapse did not impede the preparation procedure.
    • The method enabled the creation of corneal buttons with intact endothelium and Descemet's membrane.

    Conclusions:

    • This anterior trephination method using an artificial anterior chamber offers a viable alternative for preparing donor corneas.
    • It enhances endothelial cell protection, leading to improved quality of corneal buttons for penetrating keratoplasty.
    • The technique is robust and adaptable, even in the presence of complications like iris prolapse.