[Dichlorphenamide treatment in acute glaucoma (author's transl)]

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Glaucoma management often involves medications to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP).
• Diamox (acetazolamide) is a commonly used carbonic anhydrase inhibitor for IOP reduction.
• Dichlorphenamide is another carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with potential applications in glaucoma treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy of Dichlorphenamide and Diamox in lowering intraocular pressure in patients with acute glaucoma.
• To evaluate the onset and magnitude of IOP reduction by both drugs within one and two hours.
• To assess the impact of Dichlorphenamide and Diamox on serum electrolytes and base excess.

Main Methods:

• A comparative study involving patients with acute glaucoma.
• Administration of Dichlorphenamide and Diamox at specific dosages.
• Monitoring of intraocular pressure at one and two hours post-administration.
• Analysis of serum electrolytes and base excess levels.

Main Results:

• Dichlorphenamide achieved a comparable IOP reduction to a lower dose of Diamox within two hours.
• After one hour, 60% of patients on Dichlorphenamide had IOP below 40 mm Hg, versus 30% on Diamox.
• Dichlorphenamide and Diamox demonstrated different effects on serum electrolytes and base excess after one hour.

Conclusions:

• Dichlorphenamide is effective in lowering intraocular pressure in acute glaucoma, with a potentially faster onset than Diamox.
• A lower dose of Dichlorphenamide can achieve similar IOP reduction to standard Diamox dosage.
• No significant side effects were observed with a single dose of Dichlorphenamide or in combination with Diamox for acute glaucoma treatment.