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Sympathetic nerve influence on alveolar type II cell ultrastructure

D J Crittenden1, L A Alexader, D L Beckman

  • 1Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32816.

Life Sciences
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Sympathetic nerve stimulation increases pulmonary surfactant release from alveolar type II cells. This study quantifies the reduction in lamellar bodies, indicating enhanced surfactant secretion, supporting nerve activity

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary physiology
  • Cell biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Pulmonary surfactant release from alveolar type II cells is triggered by catecholamines.
  • The role of direct sympathetic nerve stimulation in surfactant release is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of sympathetic nerve stimulation on pulmonary surfactant release.
  • To examine the ultrastructure of alveolar type II cells following stellate ganglion stimulation.

Main Methods:

  • Alveolar type II cell ultrastructure was analyzed using stereologic principles.
  • Lamellar body volume density was measured after one minute of stellate ganglion stimulation (SGS).
  • Multivesicular and Golgi body volume densities were also assessed.

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Main Results:

  • Lamellar body volume density decreased by 20.8% in type II cells after SGS.
  • Multivesicular body volume density increased by 150% following SGS.
  • Golgi body volume density remained unchanged.

Conclusions:

  • Sympathetic nerve stimulation promotes surfactant release from alveolar type II cells.
  • These findings support the contribution of sympathetic nerve activity to surfactant homeostasis.
  • Data align with previous observations of increased phospholipids after SGS.