Histochemical study by lectin binding of surface glycoconjugates in the developing olfactory system of rat

Lectin-binding histochemistry was used to investigate the distribution and density of defined carbohydrate sequences on the cell surface glycoproteins of the olfactory receptors of rat during development. The olfactory and vomeronasal receptors showed a positive labelling after biotinylated Lycopersicum esculentum lectin binding on embryonic day 16 (E16), while horseradish peroxidase-labelled Glycine max, Bandeiraea simplicifolia (BSA-I) and its B4 isomer BSA-I-B4 agglutinins started to label from day 18 (E18). From this stage onward there was a progressive increase in the intensity and number of lectin-binding olfactory receptors. The first lectin-labelled bundles of axons penetrating the olfactory bulb were observed on E20; from E21 it was possible to identify the first labelled glomeruli that, on the first day (P1) of postnatal life, showed a feature very similar to that of the adult. The lectin staining patterns indicate that during development there are differences in the kind and distribution of saccharidic moieties on the surface of rat olfactory neurons. The possible role of carbohydrate-containing glycoproteins in the reception and transduction of the odours and in the modulation of the cell-cell interactions in the olfactory system is discussed.