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Osteoarthritis and elderly amputee gait

E D Lemaire1, F R Fisher

  • 1Rehabilitation Centre, Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|October 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Elderly prosthetic users with trans-tibial amputations face a higher risk of osteoarthritis in their nonamputated leg due to increased knee joint forces during gait. This study confirms the link between prosthetic use and osteoarthritis development.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Orthopedics
  • Prosthetics

Background:

  • Long-term prosthetic users may experience altered biomechanics.
  • Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease affecting millions.
  • The nonamputated limb bears increased load in amputees.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that increased load on the nonamputated leg increases osteoarthritis risk in trans-tibial amputees.
  • To compare knee joint loading and osteoarthritis incidence between amputees and nonamputees.

Main Methods:

  • Physical examinations and gait analysis were performed.
  • A cohort of elderly trans-tibial amputees and a control group of nonamputees were studied.
  • Knee joint reaction forces, impulses, moments, and powers were measured.

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Main Results:

  • The amputee group showed a significantly greater incidence of knee osteoarthritis in the nonamputated leg (p < 0.05).
  • Amputees exhibited consistently larger knee joint reaction forces, impulses, moments, and powers.
  • Significantly higher vertical impulse and net joint power during double support were observed in amputees (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Elderly trans-tibial amputees have an elevated risk of developing osteoarthritis in their nonamputated leg.
  • Increased knee joint forces in the nonamputated limb of amputees contribute to this higher risk.
  • Findings support the need for interventions to mitigate joint loading in prosthetic users.