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Emergency contraception: a review

A A Haspels1

  • 1Department of Gynecology, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Contraception
|August 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Emergency contraception has evolved from high-dose estrogens to more effective and tolerable hormonal pills and intrauterine devices. Mifepristone offers a safe and effective option for postcoital contraception.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Pharmacology
  • Contraception

Background:

  • Postcoital contraception, or emergency contraception, has been used since the 1960s.
  • Early methods involved high doses of estrogens like diethylstilbestrol and ethinylestradiol.
  • These high-dose estrogen regimens were associated with significant side effects such as nausea and vomiting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy and side effect profiles of different postcoital contraception methods.
  • To evaluate newer hormonal and non-hormonal options for emergency contraception.
  • To advocate for wider availability of effective emergency contraceptive options like Mifepristone.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of postcoital contraception methods.
  • Comparison of high-dose estrogen therapy with combined oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol and d1-norgestrel.
Keywords:
BiologyContraceptionContraceptive AgentsContraceptive Agents, EstrogenContraceptive Agents, FemaleContraceptive Agents, PostcoitalContraceptive Agents, ProgestinContraceptive MethodsContraceptive Mode Of ActionDeveloped CountriesEndocrine SystemEthinyl EstradiolEuropeFamily PlanningHormone AntagonistsHormonesIudIud, Copper ReleasingLevonorgestrelLiterature ReviewNetherlandsPhysiologyRu-486Western Europe

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of levonorgestrel-only regimens.
  • Assessment of intrauterine devices as an emergency contraception method.
  • Review of antiprogestagen (Mifepristone) use for emergency contraception.

    • Main Results:

    • Combined oral contraceptives with lower estrogen and progestin doses were as effective as high-dose ethinylestradiol but with fewer side effects.
    • Levonorgestrel-only regimens demonstrated comparable efficacy to combined pills.
    • Intrauterine devices serve as a viable alternative to hormonal emergency contraception.
    • Mifepristone (600 mg) showed high success rates and minimal side effects when used on day 27 of the cycle.

    Conclusions:

    • Modern hormonal emergency contraception is more effective and better tolerated than older high-dose estrogen methods.
    • Mifepristone represents a significant advancement in emergency contraception due to its efficacy and safety profile.
    • There is a need for wider registration and accessibility of Mifepristone for postcoital contraception globally.