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Related Experiment Videos

Blood pressure changes and hormonal contraceptives

Q Shen1, D Lin, X Jiang

  • 1Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, China.

Contraception
|August 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

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Oral contraceptive pills showed a slight, clinically insignificant increase in diastolic blood pressure compared to IUDs. Norplant implants did not affect blood pressure in women.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Contraceptive methods vary in hormonal content and administration.
  • Understanding the impact of different contraceptives on blood pressure is crucial for women's health.
  • Previous studies have yielded mixed results on contraceptive effects on blood pressure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of low-estrogen oral contraceptives (OCs), Norplant implants, and intrauterine devices (IUDs) on blood pressure changes.
  • To compare blood pressure variations among users of different contraceptive methods.
  • To identify factors associated with blood pressure changes during contraceptive use.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 238 women using 35 mcg ethinylestradiol OCs, 267 using Norplant, and 259 using IUDs.
Keywords:
AsiaBiologyBlood Pressure--changesChinaComparative StudiesContraceptionContraceptive AgentsContraceptive Agents, FemaleContraceptive Agents, ProgestinContraceptive ImplantsContraceptive MethodsDeveloping CountriesDiseasesEastern AsiaFamily PlanningHemic SystemHypertensionIudIud, UnmedicatedLevonorgestrelOral ContraceptivesOral Contraceptives, Low-dosePhysiologyResearch ReportStudiesVascular Diseases

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  • Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) was monitored over 48 weeks.
  • Regression analysis was employed to assess the influence of contraceptive type, age, obesity, and family history of hypertension.

    • Main Results:

    • Pill users exhibited statistically significant increases in diastolic blood pressure compared to IUD users at multiple time points (1.8-2.3 mm Hg).
    • Systolic blood pressure increases in pill users were not statistically significant compared to IUD users.
    • Norplant implants showed no significant effect on either systolic or diastolic blood pressure.
    • Women's age, obesity, and family history of hypertension were independently associated with increased blood pressure.

    Conclusions:

    • Low-estrogen OCs are associated with a small, statistically significant but clinically unimportant rise in diastolic blood pressure.
    • Norplant implants appear to be a safe option regarding blood pressure effects.
    • Individual risk factors like age, obesity, and hypertension history are important considerations for blood pressure changes during contraceptive use.