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Elution of leachable components from composites

J L Ferracane1

  • 1Dental Materials Science, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201.

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Residual monomers and polymers can leach from dental composites, impacting restoration safety and stability. Elution is rapid, occurring within hours, and influenced by factors like cure degree and solvent properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biocompatibility
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Set dental composite materials contain unbound residual monomers and short-chain polymers.
  • These leachable components can affect the biocompatibility and structural integrity of dental restorations.
  • Investigating the elution of these unbound molecules into aqueous media is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the elution characteristics of unbound molecules from set composite materials.
  • To understand the factors influencing the rate and extent of component release.
  • To correlate elution with material properties and environmental conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Studying the elution of unbound molecules from composite materials into aqueous media.
  • Analyzing weight loss of composite samples under various conditions.
  • Correlating leachable quantities with the degree of polymer network cure.
  • Investigating the influence of extraction solvent composition and solubility on elution kinetics.

Main Results:

  • Elution of leachable components from composites is rapid, with most release occurring within hours.
  • Reported weight losses can reach up to 2% of the composite mass under specific conditions.
  • Elution extent and rate are dependent on the degree of cure, solvent properties, and characteristics of the leachable species.
  • Diffusion through the resin matrix is the primary mechanism for elution.

Conclusions:

  • Dental composites release residual monomers and polymers, necessitating careful material selection and handling.
  • Understanding elution kinetics is vital for predicting restoration longevity and biocompatibility.
  • Factors such as polymerization efficiency and solvent interactions significantly control the release of leachable substances.

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