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The pharynx. Disorders of function

B Jones1

  • 1Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Radiologic Clinics of North America
|November 1, 1994
PubMed
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Swallowing disorders affecting the mouth and pharynx are common. This article details normal and abnormal swallowing, including neurological causes of dysphagia and aging effects.

Area of Science:

  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Neurology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, is a prevalent condition affecting the oropharyngeal structures.
  • Impairments in oral and pharyngeal function can significantly impact quality of life and nutritional status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the normal and abnormal swallowing process.
  • To explore the impact of neurological disorders on swallowing function.
  • To examine the physiological effects of aging on the swallowing mechanism.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed review of the biomechanics of the normal swallow.
  • Analysis of common neurological conditions leading to dysphagia.
  • Discussion of age-related changes in oropharyngeal motility and sensation.

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Main Results:

  • Swallowing is a complex neuromuscular process susceptible to disruption by various pathologies.
  • Neurological deficits frequently manifest as oropharyngeal dysphagia, increasing aspiration risk.
  • Aging alters swallowing physiology, potentially leading to reduced safety and efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the nuances of swallowing function is critical for diagnosing and managing oropharyngeal disorders.
  • Early identification and intervention for dysphagia in neurological conditions and older adults are essential.
  • Further research into targeted therapies for swallowing dysfunction is warranted.