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Trends in multiple births

M Mushinski

    Statistical Bulletin (Metropolitan Life Insurance Company : 1984)
    |July 1, 1994
    PubMed
    Summary

    Multiple births in the US have steadily increased since the 1970s, reaching a 50-year high in 1991. These births, particularly among Black and older mothers, show higher rates of low birthweight.

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    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Health
    • Perinatology
    • Public Health Statistics

    Background:

    • Multiple birth rates have shown a consistent upward trend since the early 1970s.
    • The year 1991 marked the highest recorded rate of multiple births in the United States in the preceding 50 years.
    • The proportion of twin births within all multiple births has slightly decreased over time.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze trends in multiple birth rates in the United States.
    • To examine demographic variations in multiple birth incidence, including race and maternal age.
    • To investigate birthweight outcomes associated with multiple births compared to singletons.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of national birth data from the United States for the year 1991.
    • Comparison of multiple birth rates across different racial groups and maternal age categories.
    • Examination of incidence of low birthweight and very low birthweight in relation to birth plurality and race.

    Main Results:

    • In 1991, multiple births constituted 2.4% of all live births, with a rate of 23.9 per 1,000 live births.
    • Multiple birth rates were higher for Black women (2.8/1,000) than white women (2.3/1,000) and increased with maternal age, peaking in the 35-39 age group.
    • Multiple births had a higher incidence of low birthweight (<2,500g) and very low birthweight (<1,500g) compared to singletons, with Black infants experiencing these outcomes more frequently.

    Conclusions:

    • The rising trend in multiple births signifies a significant demographic shift with implications for maternal and infant health.
    • Disparities in multiple birth rates and associated adverse birth outcomes persist across racial groups and maternal age.
    • Public health initiatives may need to address the increased risks of prematurity and low birthweight in multiple gestations.

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