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HLA antigens in severe pre-eclampsia

C W Redman, J G Bodmer, W F Bodmer

    Lancet (London, England)
    |August 19, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Maternal homozygosity for Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) A and B genes is linked to more severe pre-eclampsia. This suggests recessive immune response genes may play a role in pre-eclampsia development.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunogenetics
    • Reproductive Medicine
    • Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) System

    Background:

    • Pre-eclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication with complex etiology.
    • The Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) system plays a crucial role in immune regulation.
    • Genetic factors, particularly within the HLA system, are hypothesized to influence pre-eclampsia susceptibility.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between maternal HLA antigen types and pre-eclampsia.
    • To explore the potential role of HLA homozygosity in pre-eclampsia severity and pathogenesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparison of HLA A and B antigen types between 80 pre-eclamptic women, their husbands, and 83 control couples.
    • Assessment of HLA homozygosity (presence of only one identifiable antigen at a locus) in mothers.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Correlation of maternal HLA homozygosity with pre-eclampsia severity and HLA compatibility with partners.

    • Main Results:

    • Significantly higher prevalence of maternal homozygosity at the HLA B locus in pre-eclamptic women compared to controls.
    • Maternal HLA B homozygosity was associated with HLA A homozygosity and increased pre-eclampsia severity.
    • Maternal HLA A and B homozygosity reduced antigenic disparities between mothers and their husbands.

    Conclusions:

    • Maternal homozygosity for HLA A and B antigens is associated with pre-eclampsia, particularly more severe forms.
    • The findings support the hypothesis that maternal recessive immune response genes, linked to HLA homozygosity, may contribute to pre-eclampsia.
    • Alternatively, maternal HLA homozygosity might predispose to fetal developmental changes, similar to runting.