Growth kinetics of a primary brain tissue necrosis from a focal lesion

Secondary brain damage, such as brain edema or impairment of the cerebral microcirculation may evolve from tissue necrosis of the brain induced by trauma or ischemia. This laboratory has provided novel information on the secondary increase of a primary brain tissue necrosis resulting from a focal lesion. We have presently investigated more closely the growth kinetics of this process during 24 h after trauma. Rats were subjected to a standardized focal freezing injury of the brain. Area and volume of the resulting necrosis were quantitatively assessed by morphometry after different periods of survival (i.e., 5 min, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after trauma). The maximal area of necrosis increased by 45% (p < 0.001) during the posttraumatic observation period. Growth of necrosis after trauma was not limited to the early period, but continued between 12 and 24 h, amounting then to 29% (p < 0.05). The volume of necrosis calculated on the basis of histological serial sections was also observed to increase by 45%. The current findings confirm that a primary brain tissue lesion induced by a standard cryogenic injury, studied as model of a contusion focus in severe head injury, is subjected to secondary growth within a period of 24 h after trauma, longer periods of survival were not investigated yet. Quantification of lesion growth makes possible not only to study underlying mechanisms, but also of whether this process can be therapeutically inhibited.