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Related Experiment Videos

Serial nailfold capillary microscopy in primary Raynaud's phenomenon and scleroderma

E J ter Borg1, G Piersma-Wichers, A J Smit

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
|August 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Nailfold capillary microscopy (NCM) reveals progressive changes in Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) patients. Findings suggest primary RP, possible scleroderma, and scleroderma/CREST syndrome exist on a disease spectrum.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Rheumatology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is a condition characterized by exaggerated vasoconstriction of peripheral vessels.
  • Nailfold capillary microscopy (NCM) is a non-invasive technique to visualize microvascular changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate microvascular alterations in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon using nailfold capillary microscopy.
  • To investigate the relationship between nailfold capillary microscopy findings and the spectrum of Raynaud's phenomenon, including scleroderma and CREST syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional and longitudinal evaluation of 84 patients with long-standing Raynaud's phenomenon.
  • Classification of patients into five groups: primary familial RP, primary nonfamilial RP, possible scleroderma, scleroderma, and CREST syndrome.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Nailfold capillary microscopy was used to assess capillary loop morphology and count.

    • Main Results:

    • A progressive decrease in capillary loop number and an increase in widened and giant loops were observed from primary RP to scleroderma/CREST syndrome.
    • Longitudinal analysis showed a decrease in total nailfold capillary loops in scleroderma/CREST syndrome patients, but not in primary RP or possible scleroderma.
    • These findings support the concept of a disease spectrum in Raynaud's phenomenon.

    Conclusions:

    • Nailfold capillary microscopy can differentiate stages of Raynaud's phenomenon and associated connective tissue diseases.
    • The study suggests a continuum from primary RP to more severe forms like scleroderma and CREST syndrome.
    • Microvascular changes observed via NCM are indicative of disease progression in Raynaud's phenomenon.