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[Neonatal trismus]

V Abadie1, G Chéron, A Madjiidi

  • 1Département de pédiatrie, Hôpital des Enfants-Malades, Paris, France.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|June 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Neonatal trismus, a rare condition causing jaw muscle contraction, is a poor prognostic sign. It often indicates underlying developmental defects and requires specialized investigations and resuscitation techniques.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Developmental Biology

Context:

  • Trismus, characterized by sustained jaw-closing muscle contraction, is uncommon in neonates.
  • It can be associated with various congenital anomalies and neurological dysfunctions.
  • This study investigates a cohort of neonates presenting with trismus.

Purpose:

  • To characterize the clinical presentation and associated conditions in neonates with trismus.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic investigations employed in these patients.
  • To determine the prognostic implications of neonatal trismus.

Summary:

  • Twenty-four neonates (1-12 days old) with trismus were studied, exhibiting severe sucking/swallowing difficulties and apnea. Twenty-one had facial anomalies and brainstem dysfunction, including Robin sequence, Hanhart syndrome, and Moebius syndrome. Gastroesophageal reflux and increased vagal reactivity were common. Five patients had central nervous system anomalies.

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  • Specialized investigations included polysomnography, Holter monitoring, and imaging. Eight patients died within the first year of life.
  • Neonatal trismus is a significant indicator of poor prognosis, necessitating specialized diagnostic approaches and often resuscitation.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the association between neonatal trismus and severe congenital anomalies and neurological deficits.
    • Emphasizes the need for comprehensive, specialized investigations in affected neonates.
    • Underscores the critical prognostic value of trismus in the neonatal period, guiding clinical management and parental counseling.