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Related Experiment Videos

ATP mediates fast synaptic potentials in enteric neurons

J J Galligan1, P P Bertrand

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|December 1, 1994
PubMed
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Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and acetylcholine (ACh) are key neurotransmitters in the gut's myenteric plexus. This study reveals ATP, acting on P2 receptors, also contributes to fast synaptic transmission alongside ACh.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The myenteric plexus controls gastrointestinal motility.
  • Fast synaptic transmission is crucial for neuronal communication within the myenteric plexus.
  • Acetylcholine (ACh) is a known fast excitatory neurotransmitter in this system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of non-cholinergic neurotransmission in the myenteric plexus.
  • To identify potential neurotransmitters involved in fast synaptic transmission.
  • To characterize the receptors and mechanisms underlying non-cholinergic fast synaptic potentials.

Main Methods:

  • Intracellular electrophysiology in guinea pig ileum myenteric plexus.
  • Evoked fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) using single stimuli.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Pharmacological blockade using nicotinic antagonists (hexamethonium, mecamylamine) and P2 receptor antagonist (suramin).
  • Ionophoresis of neurotransmitters (ACh, ATP) and measurement of evoked depolarizations.

    • Main Results:

    • Hexamethonium blocked 83% of fEPSPs, indicating a cholinergic component.
    • A significant non-cholinergic component (33% reduction by hexamethonium) of fEPSPs was identified.
    • Suramin inhibited non-cholinergic fEPSPs with an IC50 of 4 microM, implicating P2 receptors.
    • Suramin blocked ATP-induced depolarizations but not ACh or 5-HT responses.
    • ATP-induced responses were reduced in low-sodium solution, suggesting cation channel activation by ATP.

    Conclusions:

    • Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contributes to fast synaptic transmission in the myenteric plexus.
    • ATP acts via P2 receptors, mediating non-cholinergic fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials.
    • Both ACh and ATP are important neurotransmitters for fast synaptic transmission in the myenteric nervous system.