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Silver peritoneal catheters reduce bacterial colonization

M K Dasgupta1

  • 1Walter Mckenzie Health Sciences Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Advances in Peritoneal Dialysis. Conference on Peritoneal Dialysis
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Silver peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheters showed reduced Staphylococcus aureus (Staph. aureus) colonization in vivo, suggesting antibacterial effects. Further research is needed for clinical application in PD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Catheter-related bloodstream infections are a significant complication in peritoneal dialysis (PD).
  • Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen causing PD-related infections.
  • Novel antimicrobial catheter materials are needed to improve patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo bacterial colonization potential of silver-coated PD catheters compared to standard silastic catheters.
  • To determine if silver-impregnated materials inhibit Staphylococcus aureus growth in a PD model.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro biofilm assays using a modified Robbins' device with clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus on silver and silastic catheter discs.
  • In vivo study in a rabbit PD model, inoculating exit sites with Staphylococcus aureus and comparing bacterial counts on silver and silastic catheters post-sacrifice.

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Main Results:

  • In vitro, reduced Staphylococcus aureus growth was observed on silver discs, but results were not statistically significant (p = 0.12).
  • In vivo, a statistically significant reduction in Staphylococcus aureus colonization was found on silver PD catheters compared to silastic catheters (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Silver PD catheters demonstrate in vivo antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus colonization.
  • The in vivo findings suggest potential for silver release to exert antimicrobial activity.
  • Further in vivo investigations are warranted prior to clinical use of silver PD catheters.