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Lung cancer

W D Travis1, L B Travis, S S Devesa

  • 1Department of Pulmonary and Mediastinal Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000.

Cancer
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lung cancer incidence rose significantly, especially in women. Adenocarcinoma is now the most common type, replacing squamous cell carcinoma, with survival rates unchanged.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Oncology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality in the U.S.
  • Incidence has been increasing for over 50 years.
  • Shifts in histologic types and demographic distributions accompany rising lung cancer rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in lung cancer incidence and histologic subtypes.
  • To examine changes in lung cancer rates by sex and race.
  • To assess changes in lung cancer survival rates over time.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of population-based data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program.
  • Data covers a 15-year period (1973-1987).
  • Age-adjusted rates were calculated for overall incidence, specific histologic types, and demographic groups.

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Main Results:

  • Overall age-adjusted lung cancer rates increased by 30% from 1973-1977 to 1983-1987.
  • Women experienced a greater increase (70%) than men (17%).
  • Adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma showed the largest increases (~60%), while squamous cell carcinoma increased by 14%.

Conclusions:

  • Adenocarcinoma has become the predominant histologic subtype, surpassing squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Shifting histologic patterns may be linked to tobacco use, diet, environmental exposures, and host factors.
  • Five-year relative survival rates for lung cancer remained largely unchanged, indicating limited therapeutic progress.