Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 15, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
Published on: August 25, 2014
Neonatal phenobarbital and phenytoin binding profiles
M J Painter1, M B Minnigh, L Gaus
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Abstract:
Phenobarbital and phenytoin binding profiles were determined in 27 neonates. Binding of both drugs decreased compared with that in older subjects. In vitro binding of both agents correlated significantly with total protein and albumin concentrations. In vivo binding at 0.5 hours correlated significantly with birthweight and gestational age. Phenobarbital, but not phenytoin, binding decreased when three other therapeutic agents were concomitantly administered. Bilirubin concentrations, free fatty-acid concentrations, and pH values encountered in this population did not significantly influence binding. An in vitro binding profile accurately predicted in vivo free fractions (percent drug unbound) and plasma concentrations of both drugs.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Drug Distribution: Plasma Protein Binding
Protein-Drug Binding: Mechanism and Kinetics
Various forces drive these interactions, including hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, ionic bonds, electrostatic interactions, and van der Waals forces. These bonds enable drugs to bind to specific sites on proteins,...
Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Patient-Related Factors
Age stands as a key determinant in protein-drug binding. Neonates, characterized by low albumin content, experience heightened concentrations of unbound drugs such as phenytoin and...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

