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The envelopes of two ecotropic murine leukemia viruses display distinct efficiencies in retroviral vaccination by
A Corbin1, J Richardson, C Denesvre
1Laboratoire d'Oncologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Unité INSERM 363, Institu Cochin de Génétique Moléculaire (ICGM), Université Paris V, France.
Abstract:
In cell cultures infected with a retrovirus, the expression of the viral envelope interferes with superinfection by retroviruses which recognize the same receptor. We have previously demonstrated that vaccination of susceptible strains of mice (of the Mus musculus species) with the attenuated ecotropic Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) B3 efficiently protects against the early hemolytic anemia and the erythroleukemia induced by a challenge with the virulent F-MuLV 57 through a similar in vivo mechanism of interference to superinfection (A. Corbin and M. Sitbon, J. Virol. 67, 5146-5152, 1993). Vaccination with the heterologous ecotropic Moloney-MuLV (M-MuLV) efficiently protects against the early hemolytic anemia but has a weak protective effect on the F-MuLV 57-induced erythroleukemia. Furthermore, vaccination with the attenuated F-MuLV B3 had only a transient protective effect on M-MuLV-induced thymomas. These different efficiencies of F- and M-MuLV to confer protection in this model of vaccination by interference were mostly due to envelope sequences, indicative of distinct in vivo interference properties of the two ecotropic envelopes.
Insights
Vaccination with Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) protects mice against viral disease by blocking superinfection. Different retroviruses show varying protection efficiencies due to envelope sequences, impacting in vivo interference.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Retroviral envelope expression in infected cells prevents superinfection by homologous viruses.
- Previous studies showed Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) vaccination protects mice against F-MuLV-induced anemia and erythroleukemia via interference.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the protective efficacies of F-MuLV and Moloney-MuLV (M-MuLV) vaccinations against homologous and heterologous retroviral challenges.
- To investigate the role of viral envelope sequences in determining the in vivo interference properties of ecotropic murine leukemia viruses.
Main Methods:
- Vaccination of Mus musculus mice with attenuated F-MuLV B3 or M-MuLV.
- Challenge with virulent F-MuLV 57 or M-MuLV.
- Assessment of protection against hemolytic anemia, erythroleukemia, and thymomas.
Main Results:
- F-MuLV vaccination provided strong protection against F-MuLV challenge, including anemia and erythroleukemia.
- M-MuLV vaccination protected against M-MuLV-induced anemia but offered weak protection against F-MuLV-induced erythroleukemia.
- F-MuLV vaccination conferred only transient protection against M-MuLV-induced thymomas.
Conclusions:
- The distinct protective efficiencies of F-MuLV and M-MuLV vaccinations are primarily attributed to differences in their envelope sequences.
- Ecotropic murine leukemia virus envelopes possess distinct in vivo interference properties, influencing protection against retroviral infections and disease.