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Differences between anatomical and physiological interpupillary distance

E P Osuobeni1, M al-Fahdi

  • 1College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Journal of the American Optometric Association
|April 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Interpupillary distance (IPD) measurements differ slightly between anatomical and physiological methods. Physiological IPD measurements are recommended for ophthalmic procedures due to better clinical significance.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Optometry
  • Human anatomy

Background:

  • Interpupillary distance (IPD) is measured anatomically (pupil centers) or physiologically (visual axes).
  • Investigated differences between anatomical and physiological IPD measurement methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare anatomical and physiological interpupillary distance (IPD) measurements.
  • To determine the clinical significance of differences between these IPD measurement methods.

Main Methods:

  • Measured anatomical IPD using a millimeter ruler on 400 male Arab subjects.
  • Measured physiological IPD using an Essilor corneal reflex pupillometer on the same subjects.

Main Results:

  • Anatomical IPD was 0.10mm wider than physiological IPD at distance and 0.30mm wider at near.

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  • Calculated near physiological IPD differed significantly from measured near physiological IPD.

    • Conclusions:

    • Good agreement exists between anatomical and physiological IPD, though individual differences can be clinically significant.
    • Monocular components of physiological IPD are preferred for ophthalmic procedures.