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Infection after lung transplantation

I L Paradis1, P Williams

  • 1Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15261.

Seminars in Respiratory Infections
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Lung transplant recipients face fewer infections due to improved prevention and treatment strategies. Advances in antibiotics and antivirals like ganciclovir have significantly reduced early bacterial pneumonia and cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease mortality.

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Human pathology·1995

Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Transplantation Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Infections remain a primary cause of morbidity and mortality following lung transplantation.
  • Significant progress has been made in mitigating the impact of infections over the past decade.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advancements in the prevention, identification, and treatment of infections after lung transplantation.
  • To highlight the reduced impact of infections on patient outcomes and identify remaining challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical practices and outcomes related to infection management in lung transplant recipients.
  • Analysis of the efficacy of antimicrobial and antifungal prophylaxis and treatment regimens.

Main Results:

  • Tailored antibiotic therapy has decreased early bacterial pneumonia.
  • Ganciclovir has drastically reduced cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease mortality and illness prevalence.
  • Pneumocystis pneumonia has been nearly eliminated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis.
  • Antifungal treatment with fluconazole or itraconazole reduced fungal infections from 14% to 5%.

Conclusions:

  • While significant strides have been made, challenges persist, including optimizing CMV prophylaxis and cost-effective fungal infection management.
  • Recurrent airway infections and late bacterial pneumonia, particularly Pseudomonas, remain critical concerns in lung transplant recipients.

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