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Tofu and soy drinks contain phytoestrogens

J T Dwyer1, B R Goldin, N Saul

  • 1Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass. 02111.

Journal of the American Dietetic Association
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Tofu has the highest isoflavone content among soy products. Soy drinks contain moderate amounts, while soy formulas are nearly devoid of these phytoestrogens.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Food Chemistry

Background:

  • Increasing consumption of soy foods in the American diet may lead to biologically effective levels of plant phytoestrogens.
  • Phytoestrogens are plant compounds with weak estrogenic activity in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the phytoestrogen content in commercially available tofu, soy drinks, and soy-based formulas.
  • To quantify specific isoflavones including daidzein, Biochanin A, genistein, coumestrol, and formononetin.

Main Methods:

  • Modified isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was employed for sample analysis.
  • Duplicate samples from multiple brands of tofu, one soy drink, and three soy-based formulas were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Tofu exhibited the highest isoflavone content, with daidzein and genistein levels significantly higher than other products.

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  • A commercial soy drink contained lower concentrations of daidzein and genistein.
  • Soy-based formulas were found to be nearly devoid of the analyzed isoflavones.

    • Conclusions:

    • Tofu is the richest source of isoflavones among the tested soy products, with brand-to-brand variability observed.
    • Soy drinks contain lesser amounts of isoflavones compared to tofu.
    • Soy-based formulas generally lack significant isoflavone content.