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Related Experiment Videos

Malaria in US Marines returning from Somalia

J A Newton1, G A Schnepf, M R Wallace

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, Calif. 92134-5000.

JAMA
|August 3, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Noncompliance with malaria chemoprophylaxis and protective measures led to a significant outbreak in US Marines returning from Somalia. This highlights the need for increased awareness of imported malaria risks among healthcare providers nationwide.

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Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Military Health

Background:

  • US Marines returning from Somalia in 1993 experienced a large outbreak of imported malaria.
  • This study aimed to identify malaria cases and assess chemoprophylaxis compliance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify malaria cases in US Marines returning from Somalia.
  • To determine the compliance rate with malaria chemoprophylaxis.

Main Methods:

  • A case series design was employed.
  • Data were collected from 106 US Marines diagnosed with malaria after deployment to Somalia.
  • Incidence, clinical features, and chemoprophylaxis compliance were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • 112 cases of imported malaria were identified in 106 Marines.

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  • Plasmodium vivax was the most common species (87%), followed by Plasmodium falciparum (7%).
  • Self-reported chemoprophylaxis compliance was 56%, with only 50% receiving an optimal regimen.

    • Conclusions:

    • Noncompliance with chemoprophylaxis and protective measures contributed to the malaria outbreak.
    • Healthcare providers nationwide must be aware of imported malaria from Somalia, especially in returning military personnel.