Related Experiment Videos
Immediate and long-term outcome after directional coronary atherectomy: analysis of gender differences
M R Bell1, K N Garratt, J F Bresnahan
1Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
Insights
Directional coronary atherectomy showed similar long-term survival for women and men. However, women experienced higher rates of acute myocardial infarction and peripheral vascular complications post-procedure.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Interventional Cardiology
- Gender-Specific Medicine
Background:
- Coronary artery disease affects both men and women, but outcomes may differ.
- Directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) is a percutaneous coronary intervention technique.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare short-term and long-term outcomes of DCA between women and men.
- To identify potential gender-based differences in procedural success and complications.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 291 DCA procedures (61 women, 230 men) from October 1988 to November 1992.
- Comparison of baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics by gender.
- Summary of short-term and long-term complications stratified by gender.
Main Results:
- Women were older and presented with more severe angina than men.
- Clinical success rates were comparable (89% women vs. 95% men).
- Women had higher rates of acute myocardial infarction (4.9% vs. 0.4%) and peripheral vascular complications (6.6% vs. 0.9%).
- In-hospital mortality was similar between genders.
Conclusions:
- DCA success rates are comparable between genders, but women face higher risks of acute myocardial infarction and vascular complications.
- Worse baseline clinical status in women may contribute to higher postprocedural myocardial infarction rates.
- Long-term survival and freedom from recurrent angina are similar for both genders after DCA.
Objective:
To compare the short-term and long-term outcomes of directional coronary atherectomy in women and men.
Design:
We retrospectively analyzed 291 consecutive directional atherectomy procedures performed in 61 women and 230 men at the Mayo Clinic between October 1988 and November 1992.
Material And Methods:
The baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics, including extent of coronary artery disease and left ventricular ejection fraction, were compared for the male and female patients, and the short-term and long-term complications associated with atherectomy were summarized on the basis of gender.
Results:
At baseline, women were older than men (67 +/- 12 versus 61 +/- 11 years; P = 0.001), and more women than men had class III or IV angina (90% versus 64%; P < 0.001); slightly more women than men had rest pain (64% versus 52%). Overall clinical success (improvement in luminal diameter of 40% or more and no death, Q-wave myocardial infarction, or emergency coronary bypass operation) was achieved in 89% of women and 95% of men (P = 0.054). In-hospital mortality was similar in women and men (1.6% and 1.7%, respectively), but acute myocardial infarction occurred more frequently in women than in men (4.9% versus 0.4%; P = 0.03). Significant peripheral vascular complications occurred in 6.6% of women versus 0.9% of men (P = 0.02). During long-term follow-up (mean, 2.9 years), survival and freedom from recurrent angina were similar among women and men.
Conclusion:
Directional coronary atherectomy is associated with slightly lower success and a higher frequency of myocardial infarction among women than among men. The higher postprocedural rate of myocardial infarction among women may reflect their worse clinical status at time of initial assessment. Despite these observations, women and men seem to have comparable survival and freedom from recurrence of angina during extended follow-up.