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Cutaneous malignant melanoma in Australia, 1989
The Medical Journal of Australia
|August 1, 1994
Summary
Australian melanoma incidence in 1989 showed higher rates in males, particularly on the trunk, and varied by latitude. Females generally had thinner melanomas, suggesting better prognosis and awareness of sun exposure risks.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Cutaneous malignant melanoma is a significant public health concern.
- Understanding melanoma characteristics is crucial for effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of invasive cutaneous malignant melanoma in Australia in 1989.
- To analyze variations in melanoma incidence based on demographics, body site, morphology, thickness, and geographic location.
Main Methods:
- Descriptive analysis of all invasive melanomas reported to Australian State or Territory cancer registries in 1989.
- Data collected included patient age, sex, residence, and melanoma topography, morphology, and thickness.
Main Results:
- Age-standardized incidence rates were 30.2/100,000 for males and 23.9/100,000 for females.
- Highest rates were on the male trunk and female lower limbs; superficial spreading melanoma was most common.
- 52% of melanomas were <0.76 mm thick; males had more thick melanomas (>3 mm) than females.
- Melanoma rates were higher in northern latitudes.
Conclusions:
- Distinct patterns by latitude and body site reinforce the role of sunlight in melanoma aetiology.
- Females' thinner melanomas correlate with better prognosis; proximity to the equator may increase awareness.
- Improved data collection on melanoma site, morphology, level, and thickness is recommended for surveillance and early detection programs.
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