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Developmental dysplasia of the hip
D D Aronsson1, M J Goldberg, T F Kling
1Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington 05405-0084.
Pediatrics
|August 1, 1994
Summary
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a more accurate term than congenital hip dysplasia. Early detection through physical exams and imaging like ultrasound or X-rays is crucial for timely treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Orthopedics
- Developmental Biology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Congenital hip dysplasia definition and treatment are debated.
- The term has evolved to Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH).
- DDH encompasses a spectrum of hip abnormalities in infants and children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explain the shift from congenital hip dysplasia to DDH.
- To detail the early detection methods for DDH.
- To discuss the treatment strategies for DDH.
Main Methods:
- Multicenter study assessing DDH definition, anatomy, prevalence, etiology, natural history, detection, and treatment.
- Physical examination maneuvers (Ortolani, Barlow) for neonatal detection.
- Ultrasound for infants < 4 months and radiography for older infants.
Main Results:
- DDH is a more fitting term as hip dysplasia is not always congenital.
- Neonatal screening can be normal, with later development of dysplasia.
- Physical exam findings (limited abduction in older children) and imaging confirm diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- All newborns require neonatal hip screening.
- Regular hip re-examinations are recommended up to 1 year of age.
- Ultrasound or radiography is advised for suspected DDH or risk factors.