An approach to the assessment of falls in the elderly

In assessing the elderly it should be remembered that about 75% of falls are unreported. It is essential therefore to inquire about falls and balance problems in any assessment of the aged. Falls are common during a severe acute illness such as stroke, pneumonia or any condition causing hypotension or severe pain; the elderly having little reserves to meet such stress. Vigilance on the part of the carer to prevent falls is essential at such times. Although trips or falls are inevitable in the elderly and are usually inconsequential, each reported fall needs careful evaluation. In many cases causes can be identified and corrected. This in turn will improve the quality of life by reducing the fear of falling and in so doing help avoid a serious fall with its possible long term consequences.