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ELISA test for tuberculosis

V G Daftary1, D D Banker, G V Daftary

  • 1Special Reference Laboratory, Bombay.

Indian Journal of Medical Sciences
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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The A 60 Elisa test aids in diagnosing tuberculosis by detecting IgG and IgM antibodies. This study found the test useful for both pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases in India.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Tuberculosis remains a significant bacterial infection globally, particularly in India.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and control.
  • The A 60 antigen Elisa test was developed for tuberculosis diagnosis, detecting specific antibodies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility and acceptance of the A 60 antigen Elisa test in the Indian population.
  • To assess the test's performance in diagnosing both pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
  • To establish local cut-off values for IgG and IgM antibodies.

Main Methods:

  • The A 60 antigen Elisa test was utilized to detect IgG and IgM antibodies.
  • A survey was conducted on healthy individuals and tuberculosis patients to determine cut-off values.

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  • The test was applied to a large cohort of referred samples (5840 IgG, 2101 IgM) from 1990 onwards.
  • Results were analyzed considering clinical, radiological, and other laboratory data.

    • Main Results:

    • The A 60 Elisa test demonstrated good acceptance among practitioners and laboratories.
    • The test proved to be a valuable laboratory aid for diagnosing tuberculosis.
    • Separate testing for IgG and IgM antibodies provided distinct diagnostic information, with IgM appearing early and IgG later in the disease.

    Conclusions:

    • The A 60 antigen Elisa test is a useful and well-accepted diagnostic tool for tuberculosis in India.
    • The test aids in the diagnosis of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis.
    • Clinical correlation is essential for definitive diagnosis when using the A 60 Elisa test.