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Body segment growth during infancy

H Sun1, R Jensen

  • 1Centre for Research in Human Development, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Biomechanics
|March 1, 1994
PubMed
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Infant physical growth and motor development were studied by examining segment inertias. Findings show segment growth differences partially align with cephalocaudal and distal-proximal principles, but some areas show irregular growth.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Infant Development
  • Anthropometry

Background:

  • Understanding the interplay between physical growth and motor development in infants is crucial.
  • Dynamic systems theory provides a framework for analyzing intersegmental dynamics.
  • Segmental inertia parameters are key indicators of physical growth and its impact on movement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in segment inertias during infancy.
  • To determine if segment growth velocities align with cephalocaudal and distal-proximal development principles.
  • To model infant segment mass and moments of inertia over time.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study of 27 full-term infants aged 2-9 months over 6 months.
  • Photographic analysis of body segments, digitized outlines, and mathematical modeling.

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  • Polynomial and linear regression analyses to assess growth curves and relationships with age.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant linear relationships were found between chronological age and segment mass/principal moments of inertia.
    • Growth velocity differences between segments were significant and partially supported developmental principles.
    • Irregular growth patterns were observed in the lower trunk and shank until after 15 months.

    Conclusions:

    • Infant segment growth shows significant changes in mass and inertia, largely linear with age.
    • Developmental principles are partially reflected, but specific segments exhibit unique growth trajectories.
    • Further research is needed to understand irregular growth in certain infant segments beyond 15 months.