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Trigeminal sensory loss in orbital disease
1Moorfields Eye Hospital, London.
The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|June 1, 1994
Summary
Periorbital trigeminal sensory loss occurs in about 3% of orbital disease patients, with benign conditions being more frequent causes than malignancy. The sensory loss area can indicate disease location but not its nature.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neurology
- Orbital Diseases
Background:
- Periorbital trigeminal sensory loss is a known complication of orbital disease.
- The relationship between sensory loss patterns and orbital pathology is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the incidence of periorbital trigeminal sensory loss in various orbital diseases.
- To determine if sensory loss patterns correlate with the location or type of orbital condition.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of clinical case notes from an orbital diagnostic database.
- Analysis of 103 patients with periorbital trigeminal sensory loss and orbital disease.
Main Results:
- Periorbital sensory loss occurred in approximately 3% of patients with orbital disease.
- Benign orbital disease (52%) was a more common cause than malignant disease (40%) or trauma (8%).
- Sensory loss patterns indicated disease location but not its underlying pathology; corneal hypoaesthesia was common but unrelated to disease type or location.
Conclusions:
- Malignancy is not the most common cause of periorbital sensory loss in orbital disease.
- The affected dermatome is a useful indicator of orbital disease location.
- Corneal sensory changes do not reliably predict disease type or location.