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Invasive aspergillosis--a rabbit model

S Abdul Samad1, M S Yasin, G Arumugham

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.

The Malaysian Journal of Pathology
|December 1, 1993
PubMed
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This study developed an invasive aspergillosis model in rabbits using Aspergillus fumigatus. Higher fungal loads led to more severe infections, impacting multiple organs and showing rapid progression.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Invasive aspergillosis poses a significant threat, particularly to immunocompromised individuals.
  • Establishing reliable animal models is crucial for understanding disease pathogenesis and evaluating antifungal therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize an invasive aspergillosis model in rabbits using varying concentrations of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia.
  • To assess the correlation between inoculum size and infection severity.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of blood cultures in diagnosing invasive aspergillosis in this model.

Main Methods:

  • Intravenous inoculation of rabbits with three different concentrations of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia (1 x 10(6), 1 x 10(7), and 1 x 10(8)).

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  • Monitoring of infection severity and fungal dissemination to major organs (liver, kidneys, spleen, heart, lungs).
  • Urine and blood cultures were performed to detect A. fumigatus.

    • Main Results:

    • Infection severity was directly proportional to the conidia inoculum size.
    • A. fumigatus was frequently isolated from liver (82%), kidneys (75%), spleen (57%), heart (54%), and lungs (32%).
    • Urine cultures were positive in 30% of rabbits; blood cultures were largely ineffective in detecting the infection.

    Conclusions:

    • The rabbit model effectively replicates invasive aspergillosis, with inoculum size dictating disease severity.
    • Dissemination to multiple organs is a hallmark of this model.
    • Blood cultures are not a reliable diagnostic tool for invasive aspergillosis in this rabbit model, highlighting the need for alternative diagnostic strategies.