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Adhesion molecules in neural crest development

D F Newgreen1, S S Tan

  • 1Embryology Laboratory, Murdoch Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
|December 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Embryonic neural crest cells detach from the central nervous system by reducing cell adhesion molecules. This transformation allows migration, guided by adhesion molecules, crucial for vertebrate development.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Cell biology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Vertebrate cranial connective tissue, pigment, and peripheral nerve cells originate from the embryonic neural crest.
  • Neural crest cells undergo an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition to migrate.
  • This transition involves decreased cell-cell adhesion, particularly involving the A-CAM molecule.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cell adhesion molecules in embryonic neural crest cell migration.
  • To understand how migration pathways are defined and how migration ceases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cell-cell adhesion molecule expression during neural crest development.
  • Examination of the role of specific adhesion molecules (e.g., A-CAM, fibronectin, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan) in migration.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Correlation of migration cessation with re-expression of adhesion molecules.

    • Main Results:

    • Neural crest cell detachment from the central nervous system is mediated by reduced cell-cell adhesion, including A-CAM.
    • Migration pathways are influenced by substrate adhesion molecules like fibronectin and potentially inhibitory molecules like chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan.
    • Cessation of migration in ganglia correlates with the re-expression of cell-cell adhesion molecules.

    Conclusions:

    • Adhesion dynamics, involving both promotion and reduction of cell adhesion, are critical for neural crest cell migration.
    • The neural crest system serves as a valuable model for studying the role of adhesion in morphogenesis.
    • Further functional studies are needed to confirm the role of re-expressed adhesion molecules in halting migration.