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A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocol for Stroke Onset Time Estimation in Permanent Cerebral Ischemia
Published on: September 16, 2017
The application of magnetic resonance imaging to the study of experimental cerebral ischaemia
N van Bruggen1, T P Roberts, J E Cremer
1Royal College of Surgeons Unit of Biophysics, Institute of Child Health, London, England.
Abstract:
Recent developments in the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have opened up new opportunities in the investigation of disease. This review seeks to illustrate how some of these advances have made MRI a powerful tool with which to study the pathology and physiology of cerebral ischaemia. Emphasis will be placed on new techniques at the disposal of the MR investigator. These include techniques to monitor alterations in cerebral blood flow and volume; diffusion-weighted imaging to investigate the acute pathology of cerebral ischaemia; and techniques sensitive to alteration in tissue blood oxygenation levels that provide a wholly noninvasive means of assessing cerebral haemodynamics, including hyperaemia and CO2 reactivity. Particular reference to the ability of such techniques to identify ischaemic tissue prior to irreversible damage will be made, and the implication for pharmaceutical research and potential therapy will be discussed. A detailed technical description of nuclear MR theory is avoided, and we have concentrated on the application of MRI to interrogate the pathophysiology of cerebral ischaemia.
Insights
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) advances offer new ways to study cerebral ischemia. New MRI techniques can monitor blood flow, detect acute damage, and assess oxygenation, aiding early diagnosis and treatment research.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Cerebral ischemia poses significant diagnostic challenges.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has evolved, offering advanced tools for disease investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent MRI advancements for studying cerebral ischemia pathology and physiology.
- To highlight novel MRI techniques for assessing cerebral hemodynamics and tissue viability.
Main Methods:
- Review of advanced MRI techniques including those for cerebral blood flow and volume.
- Application of diffusion-weighted imaging for acute ischemic pathology.
- Utilization of blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) imaging for noninvasive hemodynamic assessment.
Main Results:
- Advanced MRI techniques enable monitoring of cerebral blood flow and volume.
- Diffusion-weighted imaging effectively investigates acute cerebral ischemia.
- Noninvasive techniques assess cerebral hemodynamics, including hyperaemia and CO2 reactivity.
Conclusions:
- MRI is a powerful tool for understanding cerebral ischemia.
- New techniques can identify ischemic tissue before irreversible damage.
- Implications for pharmaceutical research and therapeutic strategies are significant.
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