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Updated: Aug 14, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
[Management of the A-pattern deviation with overacting superior oblique muscle]
1Department of Ophthalmology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Heibei Medical College, Shijiazhuang.
Abstract:
The overacting superior oblique muscle is usually associated with A-pattern ocular deviation. 10 such cases (14 eyes), 9 exotropic and 1 esotropic, were performed superior oblique tenotomy with horizontal and vertical corrective surgery; they all attained postoperative normal ocular alignment in the primary position. The A-pattern deviation was corrected and overaction of the superior oblique improved. The authors point out that in the absence of binocular vision and abnormal retinal correspondence, superior oblique tenotomy is a safe and useful procedure for patients with 20 delta and over of A-pattern deviation.
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