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Acute renal and urinary tract disease
1Department of Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160-7234.
Radiologic Clinics of North America
|September 1, 1994
Summary
Imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosing acute urinary tract disorders. Various modalities like sonography, CT, and excretory urography are essential for identifying conditions such as renal obstruction, trauma, infections, and bladder rupture.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Urology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Acute urinary tract disorders often present with non-specific abdominal symptoms.
- Initial imaging frequently involves sonography and CT when the clinical diagnosis is uncertain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the roles of various imaging modalities in evaluating acute urinary tract disorders.
- To highlight the optimal imaging techniques for specific acute renal and bladder conditions.
Main Methods:
- Review of imaging modalities including sonography, CT, excretory urography, cystography, scintigraphy, and angiography.
- Discussion of diagnostic utility for renal obstruction, trauma, infection, vascular disorders, and bladder rupture.
Main Results:
- Excretory urography is preferred for ureteric calculi; sonography with Doppler is an alternative.
- CT is optimal for renal trauma; excretory urography is suitable for mild injuries.
- CT and sonography are key for identifying pyonephrosis and abscesses.
- Contrast-enhanced CT effectively diagnoses acute renal vascular disorders.
- Cystography is essential for traumatic bladder rupture; pelvic CT is an alternative.
Conclusions:
- A range of imaging techniques are vital for diagnosing acute urinary tract disorders.
- The choice of imaging modality depends on the specific clinical presentation and suspected pathology.
- Advanced imaging like CT and sonography are crucial for detecting serious complications requiring intervention.