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Increased immune activation during and after physical exercise

G P Tilz1, W Domej, A Diez-Ruiz

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Graz, Austria.

Immunobiology
|June 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Long-duration physical exercise significantly activates the immune system, increasing markers like soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNF-R) and neopterin, potentially impacting post-exercise immune function and asthma.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Physical exercise is known to modulate immune function.
  • Understanding immune responses to prolonged exertion is crucial for athlete health and performance.
  • Specific immune activation markers require investigation during and after strenuous activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pattern of immune response during and after long-duration physical exercise.
  • To measure plasma concentrations of key soluble immune activation markers.
  • To correlate changes in these markers with physical exertion.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma concentrations of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), sCD8, sICAM-1, sCD23, sTNF-R, and neopterin were measured.
  • Measurements were taken in 18 individuals before, during (ascent/descent), and after an alpine tour.

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  • Data were analyzed by comparing levels at different time points relative to baseline.

    • Main Results:

    • All measured immune markers significantly increased during and/or after the alpine tour compared to baseline.
    • sIL-2R, sCD8, and sICAM-1 levels decreased within 36 hours post-exercise.
    • sTNF-R and neopterin levels remained elevated, indicating sustained immune activation, particularly macrophage activation.

    Conclusions:

    • Long-duration physical exercise induces significant immune system activation.
    • Sustained elevation of sTNF-R and neopterin suggests a prolonged inflammatory response.
    • Exercise-induced immune activation may contribute to impaired immune function and exercise-induced asthma.