[Heparin and lipoprotein(a). Observations during hemodialysis]

P Salvini1, E Maddaloni, M V Levi della Vida

  • 1Servizio di Cardiologia A. Cesalpino, Ospedale San Camillo, Roma.

The effect of heparin (bolus e.v. 5.000 I.U.) on blood levels of Lp(a) and other lipids (triglycerides, -HDL, -LDL and total cholesterol, apo A1, apo B100 and apo A1/apo B100) was studied in 15 patients (8 M and 7 F) with chronic renal failure during hemodialysis. Statistically significant reductions of the basal values were found for Lp(a) and the other lipids in the blood taken before the beginning of dialysis, 30 min' after the heparin bolus. The analysis of third blood sample (at the end of the hemodialysis, one hour after the end of the heparin maintenance infusion) showed a rise of HDL and LDL-lipoproteins over the basal values clearly in relation to reduced heparin and plasmatic fraction of the blood. The values of Lp(a) had not so high increase as consequence of more elevated affinity with heparin and of a possible enhanced metabolic rate via lipoprotein lipase. The authors, in agreement with similar changes of Lp(a) and other lipids previously observed in patients with coronary diseases during bypass surgery in extracorporeal circulation or angioplasty, (interventions requiring generous heparin treatment), believe to have now sufficient data for attributing heparin a causal role for the above mentioned effects. The authors stress the needing of other studies better understand the action to mechanisms of heparin and to evaluate possible future clinical applications of this new interesting Lp(a)-clearing effect.

Related Concept Videos

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
Dialysis01:27

Dialysis

Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis01:30

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or those experiencing drug overdose often require extracorporeal methods to eliminate accumulated drugs and metabolites. Hemoperfusion, hemofiltration, and dialysis are the primary techniques to rapidly remove harmful substances without disrupting the patient's fluid and electrolyte balance. For those with compromised renal function, dosage adjustments of concurrent medications may be necessary during extracorporeal drug removal.Dialysis is a process...
Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications01:24

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications

DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...