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Intramuscular selenium administration in selenium-deficient cattle

J Maas1, J R Peauroi, T Tonjes

  • 1California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System (CVDLS), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis 95610.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
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Selenium supplementation in deficient heifers significantly increased blood and serum selenium concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activity for up to 84 days. This study demonstrates the efficacy of intramuscular selenium administration in restoring selenium status in cattle.

Area of Science:

  • Animal Nutrition
  • Biochemistry
  • Trace Element Metabolism

Background:

  • Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element crucial for antioxidant defense and overall health in livestock.
  • Selenium deficiency can impair immune function and reduce animal productivity.
  • Maintaining adequate selenium levels is vital for preventing deficiency-related health issues in cattle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of a single intramuscular selenium injection on selenium status and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in selenium-deficient Hereford heifers.
  • To determine the duration of the selenium supplementation effect over an 84-day period.

Main Methods:

  • Nine selenium-deficient Hereford heifers were randomly assigned to a control (placebo) or treatment (0.05 mg Se/kg body weight) group.

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  • Blood, serum, and urine selenium concentrations, along with blood and serum GSH-Px activity, were measured over 84 days post-injection.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to compare treatment and control groups.

    • Main Results:

    • The treatment group showed significantly higher blood and serum selenium concentrations compared to the control group for most of the 84-day study period.
    • Peak blood and serum Se concentrations in the treatment group were observed at 5 hours post-injection.
    • Blood GSH-Px activity in the treatment group increased significantly by day 28 and remained elevated throughout the study.

    Conclusions:

    • A single intramuscular injection of selenium effectively restored and maintained adequate selenium status in deficient heifers for at least 84 days.
    • Selenium supplementation significantly enhanced antioxidant capacity, as indicated by increased GSH-Px activity.
    • Intramuscular selenium administration is a viable strategy for managing selenium deficiency in cattle.