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Expression of MRP14, 27E10, interferon-alpha and leukocyte common antigen by reactive microglia in postmortem human
Abstract:
We have immunohistochemically investigated the localization of a panel of leukocyte-related molecules in postmortem human brain tissue from control subjects and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglia constitutively express leukocyte common antigens (LCA) with CD45RB determinants. Depending on the state of activation, microglia become positive for the myeloid cell-specific calcium binding protein MRP14, LCA with CD45RO determinant, interferon-alpha, and an antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody 27E10. In AD lesions, these cells are activated in a manner consistent with a chronic inflammatory state. The results of this study have shown further parallels in protein expression between activated microglia and activated leukocytes of the myeloid lineage.
Insights
Microglia in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains show chronic inflammation markers, similar to activated myeloid leukocytes. This study details their protein expression changes in AD, highlighting immune cell involvement.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Neuroinflammation
- Alzheimer's Disease Research
Background:
- Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system.
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neuroinflammation.
- The role of microglia activation in AD pathogenesis is an area of active investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression of leukocyte-related molecules in human brain tissue from AD patients and controls.
- To characterize the activation state of microglia in the context of Alzheimer's disease.
- To compare protein expression profiles of activated microglia in AD with activated myeloid leukocytes.
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemical analysis of postmortem human brain tissue.
- Detection of leukocyte common antigens (LCA) and myeloid cell markers.
- Utilized monoclonal antibody 27E10 for antigen detection.
Main Results:
- Microglia constitutively express leukocyte common antigens (LCA) with CD45RB.
- Activated microglia in AD brains express MRP14, LCA with CD45RO, interferon-alpha, and 27E10 antigen.
- Microglial activation in AD lesions is consistent with a chronic inflammatory state.
Conclusions:
- Activated microglia in Alzheimer's disease exhibit molecular profiles similar to activated myeloid leukocytes.
- These findings suggest a significant role for myeloid lineage immune cells in AD-associated neuroinflammation.
- Further parallels in protein expression underscore the inflammatory nature of microglia in AD.