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Neonatal facial nerve defect

H Saito1, T Takeda, S Kishimoto

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Kochi Medical School, Japan.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica. Supplementum
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Congenital facial paralysis in newborns can stem from birth trauma or developmental issues. This study found the facial nerve absent in some infants with congenital anomalies, with some evidence of nerve regeneration.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Facial paralysis in newborns is often linked to delivery trauma or congenital anomalies.
  • Mobius' syndrome, a nuclear developmental defect, has been associated with facial nerve absence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of facial nerve abnormalities in infants with congenital anomalies.
  • To analyze temporal bone findings in cases of congenital facial paralysis.

Main Methods:

  • Examination of 42 temporal bones from infants with various congenital anomalies.
  • Histopathological analysis to identify facial nerve presence, absence, or regeneration.

Main Results:

  • Seven additional cases of Mobius' syndrome with bilateral facial nerve absence were identified.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Nine of the 42 temporal bones (21.4%) showed facial nerve absence mid-course.
  • Evidence of nerve fiber regeneration was observed in some cases following perinatal necrotic lesions.

    • Conclusions:

    • Congenital anomalies can lead to significant facial nerve abnormalities, including complete absence.
    • The findings suggest a potential for nerve regeneration even after perinatal injury, offering insights into facial paralysis etiology.