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Modulation of procainamide toxicity by selenium-enriched yeast in rats
M Toborek1, K Magner-Wróbel, M Drózdz
1Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Silesian Medical Academy, Katowice, Poland.
Archives of Toxicology
|January 1, 1993
Summary
Selenium supplementation demonstrated antioxidant effects in rats treated with procainamide, reducing oxidative stress markers. However, selenium did not prevent procainamide-induced leukocyte abnormalities and may have promoted lupus erythematosus (LE)-like cell formation.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Toxicology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Free radical processes are implicated in procainamide's adverse effects.
- Selenium, a potent antioxidant, may mitigate procainamide toxicity.
- Investigating the interplay between selenium and procainamide is crucial for understanding drug-induced toxicity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effect of selenium on procainamide-induced toxicity in rats.
- To assess biochemical and morphological changes associated with procainamide and selenium treatment.
- To determine selenium's antioxidant potential in counteracting procainamide's adverse effects.
Main Methods:
- Rats were divided into four groups: control, selenium-treated, procainamide-treated, and procainamide + selenium-treated.
- Assessed plasma and liver thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS) and plasma antioxidant activity (AOA).
- Measured erythrocyte and liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPX) activities. Performed morphological studies of leukocytes and liver, including testing for lupus erythematosus (LE) cells.
Main Results:
- Procainamide + selenium treatment significantly decreased plasma and liver TBARS.
- Erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, catalase, Se-GPX) increased, while liver SOD and catalase activities decreased in the procainamide + selenium group compared to the procainamide group.
- Atypical leukocyte morphology was observed in all treated groups, with LE-like cells appearing in the procainamide + selenium group.
Conclusions:
- Selenium exhibits antioxidant effects, reducing oxidative stress markers in procainamide-treated rats.
- Selenium did not prevent procainamide-induced leukocyte morphological disturbances.
- Selenium may potentially promote the formation of LE-like cells in conjunction with procainamide treatment.